Machinery for the manufacture of cotton yarn



'WITNESS (No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet I.

I. H. RUSSELL.

MAGHINERY FOR THB MANUFAGTURE OP GTTONYARN.

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4e/FM adm/L 'Pagented'lvlay'm 1885 -5ML/VE TUR @www ,drawing and doubling the sliver for the pur' 'I UNITED ASTATES- PATENT' `-i:Orrin'E.

'iSAAo n. RUSSELL, or EAsr HAMPTON, Assienon tro -THE "Ancor srinnnn COMPANY, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

MACHINERY Foa THE MANUFACTURE OF coTToNYAaN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 317,675, dated May 12, 1885. Application filed January 9, 1685. (No model.)

To al whom it may concern..-

Beit known that 1, ISAAC H. RUSSELL, of

` East Hampton, in the county of Hampshire and State of Massachusetts, have invented a ccrtain new and useful Improvement in Machin v ery for the Manufacture of Cotton Yarn, of which the following is a specilication. y In Letters Patent of theUnited States of even date herewith, issued upon the application ot' l Theodore Thomas Abbot, filed November' 8,

of making cotton yarn, consisting in bringing 1 the cotton fiber to the condition of sliver and pose of evening it, then further drawing and compacting or condensing, without twisting,

` the sliver thus prepared, until it is reduced to spun directly into yarn, and

, cess, consisting, ot' drawing-rolls arranged and the attenuated form requisite to allowit to be i finally spinning said attenuated sliver directly into finished i yarn, as contradistinguished from roving; and i also a machine for effectuating the said pro--g essentially, of successive pairs i operating to i receive sliver and to reduce it, without twisting, to the attenuated form requisite to allow l it to be spun directly into yarn, trumpets to 2 condense and compact said sliver during this 'E processof reduction,and rin g-spindles or their i equivalent for Spinnin g said attenuated sliver directly into nished yarn, as contradistinguished from roving. In this'inachine the con- (lensing-trumpets, which gather outlying and i projecting fibers into the body of the sliver that is being drawn, are applied between snccessive pairs ofl drawing-rollers which have nearly equal surface-speed, and consequently i between which little or no draft is produced upon the sliver. In the practice of the process referred to by the use of the machine in question the sliver, whichl practically is without twist, becomes toward the close of the drawing operation very attenuated and frail, and i when it reaches extreme attenuation-that is to Say, after it is drawn for the last time-the bers proieet or stand apart to such an extent and have so littleA cohesion that they are apt.' to adhere to and follow one or both of the .I rollers that constitute the last pair of drawingrollers, rather than to pass to the spinuing- `spindle in the form of a sliver, the effect of l pass between the front rollers in compact form, so that when it issues 65 i from between these rollers it may possess the g coherency, coinpactness,aiul uniformity requi- 'spinning device.

a together with a niodiiied t'orin ot' trumpet.

which is sometimes to break down the sliver, and in any event to frequently result in th production of uneven and irregular yarn.

The object of my'imi'irovement is to remedy` 5 5 this difficulty, to which end the same consists in combining with the two pairs of drawingrollers between which the sliver receives its final drawing an intermediate trumpet or coni denser, which acts upon the sliveriwhile sub- 6o ject to the final draft, and at this time gat-hers into the body ot' the attenuated sliver outlyiii g causes the sliver to pair of the drawing-1 or projecting iibers, and

site to allow it to be conducted to the ring- A spindles and to bc there spun into an even yarn. It may be founddesirable to introduce 7o trumpets. between other ot' the drawin g-rol 1ers at points where the sliver is subject to draft; but what is indispensable under iny improvement is that the sliver at the time it is being drawn for the last time should bc condensed 7 5 so that itlmay pass to tlicfront one ofthe tu o pairs of rollers by which this operation isperformed in the compact and uniform shape requisite to insure its proper delivery to the 8o In the accompanying drnwin gs, Figure 1 is an end view of the machine hereinlieihre referred to. Fig. 2 is a front elevation thereof, with lthe center portion broken'away to bring the ends more nearly together." Fig. 3 is a 85 cross-section, on enlarged scale, of the dra wf ing-rollers and trumpets, together with a. portion ofthe stand or fra-ine supporting the saine.V Fig. 4 is a top View oi'a porlion ot the under' oriiuted rollers andthe trumpets. 'l `ig. 5 is 9o apcrspectve view of one form of the trumpet o'r condenser which may be used in carrying out my invention. Fig. 6 is an elevation ot' a A portion ot' the iinal pair ot' drawing-rollers,

95 The machine shown iii the' drawings a double machine-that is, with two complete sets of cans, drawingrollers, trumpets, ringspindles, and their accessories. v

The sliver s, to be drawn and spun in thev ioo machine, is contained Ain cansm m, arranged in double tier, oneabove the other, and sup ported above the ing-rollers, reference may be had to the Letters dredths inches per mi nnte drawing-rollers on a canstand, o o, and the sliver is lifted out of these cans by rollers n n, over which it passes, as usual. From these cans the sliver( which is in '5 the condition in which it is usuallyafter having gone through the drawing and doubling operation) passes between successive pairs of drawl ing-rollers, there being` in the present instance six pairs-the upper rollers lettered a, b, c, and j, and the lower'rollers lettered a, .b, c', d', e, and f.l In these vrollers the sliver is `subjected to three successive drawings-the iirst between the two pairs of rollers a a and b bf, the second between the two pairs of rollers c c and d d', and the third and last between the two pairs of rollers c c andff. The

'condensers or trumpets q li i are located between those rollers which revolve at practically the same speed, andbetween which, consequently, there is no draft upon the sliver. From the nal pairofdrawingrollers,fj", vthe attenuated sliver t is conducted directly to the ring-spindles 7.', and is there spun directly into yarn.

With respect to the speeding of the draw Patent hereinbcfore referred to for a full description and explanation. It will be suiiicient here to say that in thel example given in said Letters Patent ot' spinning No.

grains to the first pair, a af, is two and twenty-two one-huuof the'second pair, 11b/,seven and ninety-two one-hundredthsinches per minute; of the third pair, c c', the same as that of the second pair of the fourth pair, d d', forty-eight and thirty-three one-hundredths -inches per' minute; of the fifth pair, e c', the same as that of the fourth pair; of the sixth and last pair, ff', three hundred and fourteen inches per minute; and at these revolutions of the rollers the spindles are run at from six thousand to seven thousand revolutions per minute. Manifestly, by the time the sliver condition' until it is ultimately spun into yarn) has undergone the nal drawing between the v two pairs of rollers c c and f it is extremely attenuated, as it must be in order to be in tit state t'o be spun directly into yarn; but in this condition the bers have little cohesion, and stand apart and project from the body ot' the sliver, so that when the material passes between the front rollers, j' f-, the bers are liable to stick to and follow one or both -of the rolls,,-,.insteadfof passi-ng therefrom inea compact body of sliver to the ring-spindles. This is the ditliculty to be remedied provement, which consists in interposingibetween the two pairs of drawingrolls e e ff, which perform the final drawing operation on the already attenuated sliver, a `condenser or trumpet, r, which, while the sliver is subject to the n'al draft, acts to gather in and compact' into the body of the sliver anyoutlying `or projecting bers, or to prevent the ilbers dies f (which remains practically in an untwisted by my imi from thus sticking out, and to present 'the sliver to the bite ofthe nal pair of rolls in a compact and condensed body, the result being i that the sliver passes from between these rolls l to the ring-spindles in the extremely attenuated state in which it must be in order to be spun once for all into yarn, but at the same ,l time in compact and uniform condition.

l do not limit myself to any precise kind of i trumpet. It ma-y be stationary, or rotary, 'or of any known structure. The form shown in l the drawings is an open-topped stationary trumpet, (arranged so that its position relatively to the strand of sliver may be changed laterally or vertically,) and i found to give excellent results in practice.

The trumpet may be made and mounted so as l right angle 'to the line of motion of the sliver; t or, as shown in Fig. 6, it may consist of apulley, r, like a carrying-pulley, having a grooved periphery, and revolving in the direction of the line of movement of the sliver, so that, while its surface iu contact with the sliver is grooved, and therefore gathers in ber, the i drag of the sliver on the compacting-surface is lessened. In short, the form and const-ruction of this trumpet or condenser may be changed, as may be found desirable in drawl i l and size' of product sought, so long as it is so constructed as to gather in the outlying bers. Having described myimprovement and the best way now k wn to me for carrying the samein to eii'ect, Ilgtate, in conclusion, that I am aware that it is not new, broadly considered, l to interpose between successiveV pairs of rollers revolving at different speedsa condenser or trumpet to act upon the material which is being drawn between said pair of rollers; and this I do not claim.

What I do claim as new and of my own invention is- The combination, with successive pairs of d rawing-rollers arranged and operating to receive sliver and to reduce it, without twisting, to the attenuated form in which'it must be in this form has beenl to be capable of rotation in a plane ata order to be spun directly into yarn, condensers or trumpets for condensing or compacting the its ,'nal draft, ande/'eacting *upon the sliver,A

while undergoing the nal'draft, to compact and condense it before it enters the bite Vof the nal pairof said tially as hereinbefore set forth.

Witness my hand this 6th day of January,

In presence ofe WlLLrAM N. SARGENT,

l -ELMER P. HOWE.-

drawing-rollers, substan- 

